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Symptoms
The symptoms of human swine flu usually cause short-term illness similar to seasonal flu. Symptoms may include:
- High temperature
- Cough
- Sore throat
- Body aches
- Running nose
- Headache
- Chills
- Fatigue
- Diarrhoea and vomiting (on occasions).
Stay home if you have flu-like symptoms
If you have flu-like symptoms, you should stay at home and not attend work or school. Young children should be kept home from child care. Drink plenty of fluids and rest.
Severe pneumonia is a dangerous complication
Human swine flu, like seasonal flu, can make underlying medical conditions worse. A potentially life-threatening complication of human swine flu is pneumonia (a type of lung infection). Some of the symptoms of pneumonia may include:
- Fever
- General malaise (feeling tired and unwell)
- Rapid breathing
- Breathing difficulties
- Cough
- Chest pain
- Loss of appetite
- Abdominal pain
- Headache
- Blue coloured skin around the mouth (cyanosis) caused by lack of oxygen.
How the human swine flu virus is spread
The ways in which human swine flu can spread include:
- A person infected with human swine flu is contagious as long as they are showing symptoms and for up to three days from the start of antiviral treatment. Young children may be infectious for longer.
- A person caring for someone sick with human swine flu can become infected from inhaling infected sneeze or cough droplets. This is known as direct contact.
- The human swine flu virus can live for about two hours outside of the body. Infection can occur when a person touches a contaminated object (such as a dirty tissue) and then touches his or her own nose, eyes or mouth. This is known as indirect contact.
- In some cases, human swine flu is asymptomatic, which means the infected person feels fine and has no symptoms. However, they can still infect other people.
Swine flu is not spread by eating pork
The swine flu virus is not spread through food products. It is safe to eat pork, bacon and ham. The World Health Organization advises that swine influenza has not been shown to be transmissible to people through eating pork and pork meat products, even in those countries where there has been a major outbreak of human swine flu.
Eating properly handled and cooked pork and other pork products is safe.
Diagnosis
Consult with your doctor as soon as you start to feel unwell with flu-like symptoms. You should call ahead to alert medical staff before attending your appointment. If your doctor suspects you may have human swine flu, the medical staff will wear gloves and masks and will isolate you from other patients to reduce the risk of passing the virus on to other people.
Diagnosis methods may include:
- Medical history
- Travel history
- Physical examination
- Nose and throat swabs (for laboratory analysis).
Looking after yourself
Self-care instructions for a person with human swine flu are the same as for seasonal flu:
- Drink plenty of fluids.
- Stay at home and get plenty of rest.
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